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Ecology of Alosa sapidissima
 
Main Ref. Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
 Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
 Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
 Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Alosa sapidissima may be found.
Remarks Anadromous (Ref. 5951). Strongly migratory (tagged individuals caught as far as 3000 km from point of release); in rivers, moves up as far as Montreal, but usually not ascending as far upstream as A. pseudoharengus. Feeds on copepods, other crustacean zooplankters, aquatic insect larvae, especially chironomid larvae (important for young shad in fresh water); ostracods, amphipods, isopods, insects and small fishes in the Bay of Fundy (Ref. 5951). No feeding during migration up rivers. Parasites found are nematodes, distomes (trematodes) and acanthocephalans (Ref. 5951).

Substrate

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.48 0.32 3.46 0.46 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
Ref. Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000
From individual food items 3.61 0.56 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Binohlan, Crispina B. on 10.19.90
Modified by Ortañez, Auda Kareen on 07.18.07
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