Ecology of Eleutheronema tetradactylum
 
Main Ref. Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Eleutheronema tetradactylum may be found.
Remarks Occur inshore (Ref. 75154). There is little information on the life cycle movements of threadfin salmon. Tagging programs (Ref. 28741) have shown that adult blue threadfin move long distances along the coastline for at least 150 km. Blue salmon form large schools in feeding and spawning habitats in coastal shallows (Williams 1997). Feed on prawns and fish (largely members of Mugilidae, Engraulidae, and Sciaenidae) with occasional polychaetes. Frequency of crustaceans to fish in the diet varies seasonally. Larvae (7-30 mm TL) feed mainly on copepods and mysids but also take shrimps and prawn larvae (Ref. 57343). Juveniles (31-60 TL) feed on prawns shrimps and mysids (Ref. 57343).

Substrate

Substrate Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref. Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 4.06 0.47 4.61 0.92 Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
Ref. Salini, J.P., D.T. Brewer and S.J.M. Blaber, 1998
From individual food items 4.11 0.70 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Luna, Susan M. on 03.30.99
Modified by OrtaƱez, Auda Kareen on 12.04.08
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