| Main Ref. | Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | Occurs in coastal waters to about 800 km or more from the shore; forming dense schools at about 30 to 90 m depth in summer off Argentina, but down to 100 to 200 m depth in winter. Schools around southern Uruguay and northern Argentina; moves offshore toward the end of the year and northward in March to June, moving south again and close to shore in August to October. Employs both filter- and particulate-feeding modes on zooplankton (Ref. 42392). In south Brazil, it is during winter when the most favorable season for larval feeding with high probability of prey consumption due to shelfbreak upwelling, high vertical stability in the water column and high production in the coastal region (Ref. 53892). |
| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
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| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | filtering plankton | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trophic level(s) |
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