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Ecology of Engraulis mordax
 
Main Ref. Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
 Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
 Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
 Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Engraulis mordax may be found.
Remarks Coastal species occurring within 30 km offshore, but may be found as far as 480 km offshore and down to 219 m depth. Forms tightly packed schools; enters bays and inlets (e.g., to about 2 km up Newport Bay, mainly in July and September - (Ref. 6361). Feeds both by random filter- and particulate-feeding (Ref. 42392). Moves up near the surface at night.

Substrate

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988
Feeding habit selective plankton feeding
Feeding habit ref Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 2.97 0.22
Ref. Kucas, S.T., 1986
From individual food items 3.10 0.28 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Binohlan, Crispina B. on 10.19.90
Modified by Sa-a, Pascualita on 02.12.04
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