| 主要参考文献 | Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra, 1991 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 分布 |
|
||||
| 附注 | Probably make frequent use of shelters, suggesting an 'ambush' method of feeding (Ref. 6390). Inhabit turbid coastal reefs (Ref. 9710) and are often found in brackish water (Ref. 27362) over mud and rubble (Ref. 6390). Juveniles are common in shallow waters of estuaries over sand, mud and gravel and among mangroves (Ref. 6390). Feed on small fishes, shrimps, and crabs. Probably spawn during restricted periods and form aggregations when doing so (Ref. 27352). Eggs and early larvae are probably pelagic (Ref. 6390). |
| Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
| 参考文献 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeding type ref | Parrish, J.D., 1987 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Parrish, J.D., 1987 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 营养阶层 (s) |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||