| Main Ref. | Man, S.H. and I.J. Hodgkiss, 1981 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | Bottom-feeders that predominantly prey on snails and bivalve mollusks (Ref. 55930). Larval and small juvenile feed mostly on zooplankton and aquatic insects, shifting to a diet of mollusks as they grow and their pharyngeal teeth become more developed (Ref. 55930). Use their pharyngeal mill to crush the hard shells and expose the soft parts for digestion. A gape-limited predator because its mouth diameter, or gape, essentially determines the maximum size of mollusks it can consume (Ref. 55930). |
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| Special habitats Ref. |
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| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Man, S.H. and I.J. Hodgkiss, 1981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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