Lethrinus harak (Forsskål, 1775)
Thumbprint emperor
Lethrinus harak
photo by Field, R.

 Family:  Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers), subfamily: Lethrininae
 Max. size:  50 cm TL (male/unsexed); max. reported age: 15 years
 Environment:  reef-associated; depth range 0 - 20 m, non-migratory
 Distribution:  Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to northeastern Australia.
 Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 10-10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9-9; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 8-8. Mouth slightly protractile; lips thick and fleshy. Inner base of pectorals densely covered with scales. Color is olive-green dorsally, paler ventrally; scales on back sometimes with white center. A large elliptical blotch, often broadly edged in yellow, on side directly below lateral line and centered at a vertical near the posterior tip of the pectoral fin. Sometimes light blue dots border the lower rime of the eye and around the nostrils. The pectoral, pelvic, dorsal and anal fins are white to pinkish. The caudal fin is orange or reddish. The vertical fins are sometimes lightly mottled or stripped.
 Biology:  Found solitary or in small schools over shallow sandy, coral rubble, mangroves, lagoons, channel and seagrass areas inshore and adjacent to coral reefs. Feeds on polychaetes, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms and small fish. Reported to spawn throughout the year during the first five days of the lunar month in large aggregations in Palau. Marketed fresh (Ref. 171); flesh spoils rapidly (Ref. 4369).
 IUCN Red List Status:   (Ref. 96402)
 Threat to humans:  harmless
 Country info:   
 

 Entered by: Luna, Susan M. - 10.11.90
 Modified by: Garilao, Cristina V. - 09.09.09
 Checked by: Garilao, Cristina V. - 01.10.00

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