Family Erythrinidae - Trahiras
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 3 | Species : 18 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : Yes |
Brackish : No |
Marine : No |
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Division |
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Primary freshwater |
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Aquarium |
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none |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Species of this family occurs in South America. Body cylindrical. Gape reaching beyond anterior margin of orbit. Branchiostegal rays 5. Pectoral fin rays 9-14. Dorsal fin rays 8-15 and 3 vestigial rays. Dorsal fin origin anterior to anal fin and usually above pelvic fins. Anal fin rays 10-12. No adipose fin. Rounded caudal fin. Relatively large scales. Lateral line with 32-47 scales. Palatine teeth numerous. Some predaceous. Some capable of air-breathing and moving to other ponds by land. Nest-builders. About 1 m maximum length attained in Hoplias macrophthalmus of the Guianas. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, erythros = red, reddish ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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guarders |
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Typical activity level |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Otomorpha | Ostariophysi | Otophysa | Characiphysae | Characiformes | Characoidei | Erythrinidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Erythrinus erythrinus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | accepted | senior | new | |
Synodus erythrinus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus salmoneus Gronow, 1854 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus brevicauda Günther, 1864 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus longipinnis Günther, 1864 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus kessleri Steindachner, 1877 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Erythrinus unitaeniatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus salvus Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus vittatus Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus balteatus Günther, 1864 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pseuderythrinus rosapinnis Hoedeman, 1950 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus kessleri (non Steindachner, 1877) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Hoplerythrinus gronovii (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Erythrinus gronovii Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplerythrinus cinereus (Gill, 1858) | accepted | senior | new | |
Erythrinus cinereus Gill, 1858 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) | accepted | senior | new | |
Esox malabaricus Bloch, 1794 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Macrodon malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Hoplias malabarica (Bloch, 1794) | synonym | senior | new | |
Synodus tareira Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Synodus palustris Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus trahira Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Erythrinus macrodon Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Macrodon tareira Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Macrodon ferox Gill, 1858 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Esox tararira Larrañaga, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hoplias brasiliensis (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Erythrinus brasiliensis Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias microcephalus (Agassiz, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Erythrinus microcephalus Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias aimara (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon aimara Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias patana (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon patana Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias teres (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon teres Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias intermedius (Günther, 1864) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon intermedius Günther, 1864 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias lacerdae (non Miranda Ribeiro, 1908) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Hoplias microlepis (Günther, 1864) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon microlepis Günther, 1864 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias macrophthalmus (Pellegrin, 1907) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macrodon malabaricus macrophthalma Pellegrin, 1907 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias malabaricus microphthalmus Pellegrin, 1910 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hoplias lacerdae Miranda Ribeiro, 1908 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias malabaricus lacerdae Miranda Ribeiro, 1908 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Hoplias australis Oyakawa & Mattox, 2009 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias curupira Oyakawa & Mattox, 2009 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Hoplias mbigua Azpelicueta, Benítez, Aichino & Mendez, 2015 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |