Family Pomacanthidae - Angelfishes
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 8 | Species : 89 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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many |
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First Fossil Record |
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lower
Tertiary
lower
Eocene |
Ref.. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark |
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Tropical Atlantic, Indian, and (mainly western) Pacific. Strongly compressed body. Angle of preopercle with a strong spine. Three spines in anal fin. Many species have an elongate extension on hind margin of soft dorsal and anal fins. Caudal fin rounded to strongly lunate with 15 branched rays. Vertebrae 24 (10+14). Striking coloration, markedly different between juveniles and adults of many species. In shallow waters of less than 20 m deep, very seldom below 50 m; generally near coral reefs. Social organizations in this group vary from monogamy, harems, promiscousity, and lekking (Ref. 38726). Several species are protogynous hermaphrodites engaging in 'haremic' social system. Pelagic spawners. Species of Centropyge feed primarily on filamentous algae and species of Genicanthus feed primarily on zooplankton; most others feed on sponges, invertebrates, algae and fish eggs. Most species do well in the aquarium, but some food specialists are difficult to maintain. Poma- = operculum, acanth- (gr.) = spine. Three basic feeding styles: predation on sessile invertebrates, herbivory and planktivory (Ref. 38503). |
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Etymology |
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Greek, poma,-atos = cover + Greek, akantha = thorn ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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nonguarders |
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Typical activity level |
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normal |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Incertae sedis in Percomorpharia | Pomacanthidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon arcuatus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Chetodon lutescens Bonnaterre, 1788 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodon lutescens Bonnaterre, 1788 | synonym | junior | original | |
! Pomacanthus cinquecinctus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Chaetodon quinquecinctus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Pomacanthus baltcatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | |
Pomacanthus cingulatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chaetodon littoricola Poey, 1868 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys arcuatus (non Gray, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Holacanthus arcuatus (non Gray, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pomacanthus asfur (Forsskål, 1775) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon asfur Forsskål, 1775 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Arusetta asfur (Forsskål, 1775) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål, 1775) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon maculosus Forsskål, 1775 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus striatus Rüppell, 1836 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthodes striatus (Rüppell, 1836) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pomacanthus striatus (Rüppell, 1836) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pomacanthops filamentosus Smith, 1955 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon annularis Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthodes annularis (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon imperator Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Acanthochaetodon imperator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Holacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthodes imperator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Pomacanthus imperatur (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chaetodon nicobariensis Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Acanthochaetodon nicobariensis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | junior | new | |
Holacanthus nicobariensis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pomacanthus nicobariensis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pomacanthus paru (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon paru Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodon aureus Bloch, 1787 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus aureus (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pomacanthus chrysurus (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus chrysurus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthodes chrysurus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus navarchus (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus navarchus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Euxiphipops navarchus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthodes navarchus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthops semicirculatus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Pomacanthus semicircularis (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Holacanthus alternans Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus lepidolepis Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus reginae Liénard, 1891 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus sexstriatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Euxiphipops sexstriatus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Pomacanthus sextriatus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus xanthometopon Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Euxiphipops xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pomacanthus zonipectus (Gill, 1862) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pomacanthodes zonipectus Gill, 1862 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus rhomboides (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus rhomboides Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus semicirculatus (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Holacanthus striatus (non Rüppell, 1836) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pomacanthodes striatus (non Rüppell, 1836) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Pomacanthus striatus (non Rüppell, 1836) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Holacanthus tricolor (Bloch, 1795) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon tricolor Bloch, 1795 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus tricolor (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Holocanthus tricolor (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon ciliaris Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Angelichthys ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Holocanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chaetodon squamulosus Shaw, 1796 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chaetodon parrae Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus coronatus Desmarest, 1823 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Holacanthus cornutus Desmarest, 1823 | synonym | junior | original | |
Holacanthus formosus Castelnau, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus iodocus Jordan & Rutter, 1897 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Angelichthys iodocus (Jordan & Rutter, 1897) | synonym | junior | new | |
! Holocanthus lunatus Blosser, 1909 | ambiguous | questionable | original | 2 |
Holacanthus lunatus Blosser, 1909 | ambiguous | questionable | original | |
Holacanthus passer Valenciennes, 1846 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus bermudensis Goode, 1876 | accepted | senior | change in rank | |
Holacanthus ciliaris bermudensis Goode, 1876 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
! Holocanthus bermudensis Goode, 1876 | synonym | senior | original | |
Angelichthys isabelita Jordan & Rutter, 1898 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus isabelita (Jordan & Rutter, 1898) | synonym | junior | new | |
Holacanthus clarionensis Gilbert, 1890 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus africanus Cadenat, 1951 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Holocanthus africanus Cadenat, 1951 | synonym | senior | original | |
Holacanthus limbaughi Baldwin, 1963 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus lamarck (Lacepède, 1802) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus lamarck Lacepède, 1802 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Genicanthus lamarcki (Lacepède, 1802) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Genicanthus lamark (Lacepède, 1802) | synonym | senior | new | |
Genicanthus melanospilos (Bleeker, 1857) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus melanospilos Bleeker, 1857 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus caudovittatus (Günther, 1860) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus caudovittatus Günther, 1860 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge caudovittatus (Günther, 1860) | synonym | senior | new | |
Holacanthus zebra Sauvage, 1891 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus caudibicolor Sauvage, 1891 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus melanospilos (non Bleeker, 1857) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
! Geniacanthus melanospilus (non Bleeker, 1857) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
! Genicanthus melanospilus (non Bleeker, 1857) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Genicanthus semicinctus (Waite, 1900) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus semicinctus Waite, 1900 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus semifasciatus (Kamohara, 1934) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus semifasciatus Kamohara, 1934 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus watanabei (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1970) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus watanabei Yasuda & Tominaga, 1970 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus bellus Randall, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus personatus Randall, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus spinus Randall, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Genicanthus takeuchii Pyle, 1997 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge tibicen (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus tibicen Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Centriopyge tibicen (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyge tibicens (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Xiphipops tibicen (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge bicolor (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon bicolor Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Centropyge bicolour (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge flavissima (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus flavissimus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Centropyge flavissimus (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge nox (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus nox Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge vrolikii (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus vrolikii Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge vroliki (Bleeker, 1853) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyge vrolicki (Bleeker, 1853) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge bispinosa (Günther, 1860) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus bispinosus Günther, 1860 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge bispinosus (Günther, 1860) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyge hispinosus (Günther, 1860) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge multispinis (Playfair, 1867) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus multispinis Playfair, 1867 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Centropyge multispinus (Playfair, 1867) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge bispinosus (non Günther, 1860) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Centropyge loriculus (Günther, 1874) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus loriculus Günther, 1874 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge loricula (Günther, 1874) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge flammeus Woods & Schultz, 1953 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Centropyge fisheri (Snyder, 1904) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus fisheri Snyder, 1904 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge flavicauda Fraser-Brunner, 1933 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Centropyge caudoxanthorus Shen, 1973 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Centropyge potteri (Jordan & Metz, 1912) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus potteri Jordan & Metz, 1912 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge interrupta (Tanaka, 1918) | accepted | senior | new | |
Angelichthys interruptus Tanaka, 1918 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge interruptus (Tanaka, 1918) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge acanthops (Norman, 1922) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus acanthops Norman, 1922 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Xiphipops acanthops (Norman, 1922) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyges acanthops (Norman, 1922) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge fisheri (non Snyder, 1904) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Xiphipops fisheri (non Snyder, 1904) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Xiphipops flavicauda (non Fraser-Brunner, 1933) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Centropyge argi Woods & Kanazawa, 1951 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge heraldi Woods & Schultz, 1953 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pomacanthus heraldi (Woods & Schultz, 1953) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge woodheadi Kuiter, 1998 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Centropyge nigriocella Woods & Schultz, 1953 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Centropyge nigriocellus Woods & Schultz, 1953 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Centropyge eibli Klausewitz, 1963 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge venusta (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus venustus Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Sumireyakko venustus (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyge venustus (Yasuda & Tominaga, 1969) | synonym | senior | new | |
Paracentropyge venusta (Yasuda &Tominaga, 1969) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centropyge ferrugata Randall & Burgess, 1972 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Centropyge ferrugatus Randall & Burgess, 1972 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Centropyge hotumatua Randall & Caldwell, 1973 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge aurantia Randall & Wass, 1974 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Centropyge aurantius Randall & Wass, 1974 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Centropyge aurantonotus Burgess, 1974 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Centropyge aurantanota Burgess, 1974 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Centropyge aurantonota Burgess, 1974 | synonym | senior | original | |
Centropyge colini Smith-Vaniz & Randall, 1974 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge joculator Smith-Vaniz & Randall, 1974 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge multicolor Randall & Wass, 1974 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge resplendens Lubbock & Sankey, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge flavipectoralis Randall & Klausewitz, 1977 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge shepardi Randall & Yasuda, 1979 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge nahackyi Kosaki, 1989 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge debelius Pyle, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge fisheri (non Snyder, 1904) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Centropyge interruptus (non Tanaka, 1918) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Centropyge boylei Pyle & Randall, 1992 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge narcosis Pyle & Randall, 1993 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge abei Allen, Young & Colin, 2006 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge deborae Shen, Ho & Chang, 2012 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus septentrionalis Temminck & Schlegel, 1844 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon mesoleucus Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Chaetodontoplus mesoleucos (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chaetodontoplus melanosoma (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus melanosoma Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus chrysocephalus (Bleeker, 1855) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus chrysocephalus Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus dimidiatus (Bleeker, 1860) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus dimidiatus Bleeker, 1860 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus duboulayi (Günther, 1867) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus duboulayi Günther, 1867 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus conspicillatus (Waite, 1900) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus conspicillatus Waite, 1900 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus personifer (McCulloch, 1914) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus personifer McCulloch, 1914 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus ballinae Whitley, 1959 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus niger Chan, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus cephalareticulatus Shen & Lim, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus Yasuda & Tominaga, 1976 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus meredithi Kuiter, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus vanderloosi Allen & Steene, 2004 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus poliourus Randall & Rocha, 2009 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaetodontoplus sp. Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Chaetodontoplus sp. 1 Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert, 1772) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaetodon diacanthus Boddaert, 1772 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Holacanthus diacanthus (Boddaert, 1772) | synonym | senior | new | |
Apolemichthys xanthurus (Bennett, 1833) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus xanthurus Bennett, 1833 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys arcuatus (Gray, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus arcuatus Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Desmoholacanthus arcuatus (Gray, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Apolemichthys trimaculatus (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus trimaculatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys xanthotis (Fraser-Brunner, 1950) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus xanthotis Fraser-Brunner, 1950 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys armitagei Smith, 1955 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys xanthopunctatus Burgess, 1973 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys guezei (Randall & Maugé, 1978) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus guezei Randall & Maugé, 1978 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys griffisi (Carlson & Taylor, 1981) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus griffisi Carlson & Taylor, 1981 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Apolemichthys kingi Heemstra, 1984 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Paracentropyge multifasciata (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911) | accepted | senior | new | |
Holacanthus multifasciatus Smith & Radcliffe, 1911 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centropyge multifasciata (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Centropyge multifasciatus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Paracentropyge multifasciatus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911) | synonym | senior | new |