Élasmobranches (requins et raies) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) >
Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Prionace: Derived from Greek, prio, prion, saw (Ref. 45335); glauca: Named comes from the Latin 'glauca' meaning blue (Ref. 6885).
Environnement / Climat / Gamme
Écologie
; marin; saumâtre; océanodrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 1 - 1000 m (Ref. 89422), usually 80 - 220 m (Ref. 55193). Subtropical; 7°C - 21°C (Ref. 244), preferred 25°C (Ref. 107945); 66°N - 55°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumglobal in temperate and tropical waters. Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada to Argentina. Central Atlantic. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, including the Mediterranean. Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Indonesia, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia, and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to Chile. Probably the widest ranging chondrichthyian. Highly migratory species, Annex I of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (Ref. 26139).
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm 206.2, range 170 - 221 cm
Max length : 400 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 35388); common length : 335 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5217); poids max. publié: 205.9 kg (Ref. 40637); âge max. reporté: 20 années (Ref. 27347)
Épines dorsales (Total): 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total): 0; Épines anales 0; Rayons mous anaux: 0. A slim, graceful blue shark with a long, conical snout, large eyes, and curved triangular upper teeth with saw edges; pectorals long and narrow; no interdorsal ridge (Ref. 5578). Dark blue dorsally, bright blue on the sides, white ventrally (Ref. 5578). Tips of pectoral fins and anal fin dusky (Ref. 9997).
Oceanic, but may be found close inshore where the continental shelf is narrow (Ref. 6871, 58302). Usually found to at least 150 m (Ref. 26938). Reported from estuaries (Ref. 26340). Epipelagic, occasionally occurs in littoral areas (Ref. 58302). Feeds on fishes (herring, silver hake, white hake, red hake, cod, haddock, pollock, mackerel, butterfish, sea raven and flounders (Ref. 5951)), small sharks, squids, pelagic red crabs, cetacean carrion, occasional sea birds and garbage (Ref. 5578). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Sexual dimorphism occurs in skin thickness of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). May travel considerable distances (one specimen tagged in New Zealand was recaptured 1,200 km off the coast of Chile) (Ref. 26346). Potentially dangerous to humans (Ref. 6871, 13513). Marketed fresh, dried or salted, and frozen; meat utilized for consumption, hides for leather and fins for soup (Ref. 9987). Sexually mature at 250 cm long and 4-5 years old. The female gives birth up to 80 young measuring 40 cm long, gestation lasts almost a year (Ref. 35388). Produces from 4 to 135 young a litter (Ref. 26938).
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Viviparous (Ref. 26281), placental (Ref. 50449); 4-63 young in a litter (Ref. 9997); 4-135 (usually 15-30) pups (Ref.58048), about 35-44 cm at birth. Gestation period ranges from 9 to 12 months (Ref. 244).
Sexual dimorphism is evident in skin thickness of maturing and adult females (Ref. 49562). Females have thicker skin layer than males of the same size (Ref. 49562).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Menace pour l'homme
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur; pêche sportive: oui
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00372 - 0.00562), b=3.12 (3.06 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.
Résilience (Ref.
69278): Très faible, temps minimum de doublement de population supérieur à 14 ans (rm=0.031; K=0.16; tm=6; tmax=20; Fec=4-135).
Vulnérabilité (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (77 of 100) .
