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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Atheriniformes (Silversides) > Atherinopsidae (Neotropical silversides) > Menidiinae
Etymology: Menidia: Greek, menoeides, -es, -es = like a half noon shape (Ref. 45335). More on author: Hubbs.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Freshwater; pelagic; pH range: 6.6 - 6.8. Temperate, preferred ?; 35°N - 34°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

North America: occurs only in the Lake Waccamaw in North Carolina, USA.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 3.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5723); common length : 4.8 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193); max. reported age: 3 years (Ref. 12193)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10 - 17; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 16 - 22; Vertebrae: 41 - 45. Silvery-white with black melanophores surrounding each scale on the dorsal two-thirds of the body. The dorsal half of the body is almost translucent.

Usually occur in large schools near surface in open water, over dark sandy bottom (Ref. 35360). Well adapted to a life of heavy predation (Ref. 35360). Frequent skipping over the water surface is observed apparently in avoidance of predators (Ref. 35360).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Based on otolith data, these species spawn after their first winter and that only a small segment of the population lives through the second winter (Ref. 35360).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (D2)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; bait: usually

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Internet sources

Menidia extensa Hubbs & Raney, 1946