分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii
辐鳍鱼纲 (条鳍鱼) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Sarpa: Spanish, sarpo, sapo = toad; a toad-fish (1753) (Ref. 45335).
环境 / 气候 / 范围
生态学
; 海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - 70 m (Ref. 3688). , preferred 25°C (Ref. 107945); 45°N - 40°S, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Strait of Gibraltar to Sierra Leone, including Madeira, the Canary Islands, and Cape Verde; Congo to South Africa. Also present in the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 16.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4781)
背棘 (总数): 11 - 12; 背的软条 (总数): 14-17; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 15. Black spot at the pectoral fin base. Body relatively slender with 10 golden longitudinal stripes (Ref. 35388).
Found over rocky substrates and sandy area with algal growth. Gregarious, sometimes forming sizeable schools. Young mainly carnivorous on crustaceans, adults almost exclusively herbivorous (Ref. 4781), feed on seaweeds (Ref. 36731). Protandric hermaphrodite (Ref. 4781). Tasty when fresh, but easily softens and is not much esteemed (Ref. 3198).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Sex change occurs at 25.0 cm TL and 3.75 years of age (Ref. 55367). Conflicting descriptions of the reproductive style of this species have been reported, including possible gonochorism (Ref. 103751). Also Ref. 28504.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.01124 - 0.01411), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; Based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
69278): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tmax=15; tm=2; K=0.20-.027;).
脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100) .