Actinopterygii (strålfeniga fiskar) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335). More on author: Castelnau.
Miljö / Klimat / Range
Ekologi
; marina; djupintervall 0 - 500 m (Ref. 54925), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 54925). Subtropical, preferred 23°C (Ref. 107945); 7°N - 37°S, 4°E - 24°E (Ref. 54925)
Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea to South Africa. Bianchi et. al. 1993 notes 'Smith-Vaniz (1992, pers. comm.) does not believe that Trachurus capensis is a valid species but admits that an adequate series of this species along the coast of Africa are not available'.
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - 33 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3166); common length : 30.0 cm FL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3166)
Adults are found mainly over the continental shelf, often over sand bottoms (Ref. 27121). Shoals rise to feed in surface waters at night and found close to the bottom during the day (Ref. 27121). Juveniles feed mainly on copepods while adults prey on fish and a wide range of invertebrates (Ref. 27121).
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter, 1990. Carangidae. p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7097)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00626 - 0.01674), b=2.94 (2.80 - 3.08), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; Based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
69278): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.11-0.42; tm=2).
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100) .