country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
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Uses: no uses
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Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
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Classificação / Names

Actinopterygii (peixes com raios nas barbatanas) > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Xenocyprinae
Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Толстолобик белый, 鲢, Carpe argentée, ... more

Referência principal

Skelton, P.H. 1993. (Ref. 7248)
Referências | Bibliografia | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Max length : 105 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 18.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 35840); Peso máx. publicado: 50.0 kg (Ref. 30578)

Length at first maturity
L_m 51.7 range ? - ? cm

Ambiente

; Água doce bentopelágico; potamódromos (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 20 m (Ref. 6898)

Clima / Intervalo

Subtropical; 6°C - 28°C (Ref. 37797), preferred ?; 64°N - 43°S

Distribuição

Asia: Native to most major Pacific dainages of East Asia from Amur to Xi Jiang, China (Ref. 59043). China and Eastern Siberia. Introduced around the world for aquaculture and control of algal blooms. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction (Ref. 1739). Often confused with Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Ref. 59043).
Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Introduções

Descrição suscinta

Espinhos dorsais (total): 1 - 3; Raios dorsais (total): 6-7; Espinhos anais 1-3; Raios anais : 10 - 14. Body olivaceous to silvery. Barbels absent. Keels extend from isthmus to anus. Edge of last simple dorsal ray not serrated. Branched anal rays 12-13.5 (Ref. 13274). Differs from Hypophthalmichthys nobilis by having sharp scaleless keel from pectoral region to anal origin, 650-820 long, slender gill rakers, head length 24-29% SL, and plain pale coloration, greenish grey above, whitish below (Ref. 59043).

Found in their natural range in rivers with marked water-level fluctuations and overwinters in middle and lower stretches, swimming just beneath the surface. They feed in shallow (0.5-1.0 m deep) and warm (over 21°C) backwaters, lakes and flooded areas with slow current on phytoplankton and zooplankton (Ref. 30578, 10294). Bigger individuals from about 1.5 cm SL feed only on phytoplankton while larvae and small juveniles prey on zooplankton (Ref. 59043). Adults breed in rivers or tributaries over shallow rapids with gravel or sand bottom, in upper water layer or even at surface during floods when the water level increases by 50-120 cm above normal level. Conditions for spawning include high current (0.5-1.7 m/s), turbid water, temperatures above 15°C (usually 18-26°C) and high oxygen concentrations (Ref. 59043). Spawning ceases if conditions change (especially sensitive to water-level fall) and resumes again when water level increases. Juveniles and adults form large schools during spawning season. Mature individuals undertake long distance upriver migration at start of a rapid flood and water-level increase, able to leap over obstacles up to 1 m. After spawning, adults migrate to foraging habitats, In autumn, adults move to deeper places in main course of river where they remain without feeding. Larvae drift downstream and settle in floodplain lakes, shallow shores and backwaters with little or no current (Ref. 59043). In aquaculture, it can survive brackish water (up to 7 ppt) when released into estuaries and coastal lakes (Ref. 59043). Escape from fish farms are widely known even as they are stocked in large rivers and almost all still water bodies like lakes and ponds. Utilized fresh for human consumption and also introduced to many countries where its ability to clean reservoirs and other waters of clogging algae is appreciated even more than its food value (Ref. 9987). One of among 3 or 4 species of cyprinids whose world production in aquaculture exceeds 1 million tons per year (Ref. 30578).

Status na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 115185)

Quase ameaçada (NT)

Perigo para os humanos

Potential pest

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais

Mais informação

Países
Áreas FAO
Ecossistemas
Ocorrências
Introduções
Stocks
Ecologia
Dieta
Itens alimentares
Consumo alimentar
Ração

Nomes comuns
Sinônimos
Metabolismo
Predadores
Ecotoxicologia
Reprodução
Maturidade
Desova
Fecundidade
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos

Idade/Tamanho
Crescimento
Comprimento-peso
Comprimento-comprimento
Frequências de comprimento
Morfometria
Morfologia
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Recrutamento
Abundância

Referências
Aquacultura
Perfil para aquacultura
Estirpes
Genética
Frequência alélica
Hereditariedade
Doenças
Processamento
Mass conversion

Colaboradores
Fotos
Stamps, Coins
Sons
Ciguatera
Velocidade
Tipo de natação
Área branquial
Otólitos
Cérebros
Visão

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

Checar Manutenção em Aquário | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre as Espécies | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre Aquicultura

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Fontes da internet

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.6250 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278)
2.0 ±0.00 se; Based on food items.

Resiliência (Ref. 69278)
Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.16-0.29; tm=2-6)

Vulnerabilidade (Ref. 59153)
High vulnerability (55 of 100)

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766)
Unknown

Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)