Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 182 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 41236); max. published weight: 38.6 kg (Ref. 72380)
Environment
Freshwater; brackish; benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 5 - ? m (Ref. 4832)
Climate / Range
Subtropical; 18°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468), preferred ?; 34°N - 19°S
Distribution
Short description
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 17;
Anal
spines: 0;
Anal
soft rays: 7 - 8. Body deep, with depth 2.5 to 3 times in standard length (Ref. 4832). Has a large, upturned mouth (Ref. 3264), with a prominent protruding lower jaw (Ref. 4832). Pectoral fins long, extending to pelvic fins; scales conspicuously large (Ref. 4832).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 1.0000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
2.8 ±0.22 se; Based on food items.
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.28; tm=3-5)
Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100)
Price category