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Gymnocephalus cernua  (Linnaeus, 1758)

Ruffe
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Native range
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Gymnocephalus cernua   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Gymnocephalus cernua (Ruffe)
Gymnocephalus cernua
Picture by Bednarzik, J.


country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information:
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
National Database:

Classificação / Names

Actinopterygii (peixes com raios nas barbatanas) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Percidae (Perches) > Percinae
Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Referência principal

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Max length : 25.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 556); common length : 12.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 556); Peso máx. publicado: 400.00 g (Ref. 556); Idade máx. registada: 10 anos (Ref. 59043)

Length at first maturity
Lm 10.5  range ? - ? cm

Ambiente

; Água doce; estuarina demersal; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 8 - 12; potamódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 10 - ? m (Ref. 9696)

Clima / Intervalo

Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 13371), preferred ?; 74°N - 43°N, 6°W - 169°E

Distribuição

Europe: Caspian, Black, Baltic and North Sea basins; Great Britain; north to about 69° N in Scandinavia. Asia: Aral Sea basin, Arctic Ocean basin eastward to Kolyma drainage. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Introduções

Descrição breve

Espinhos dorsais (total): 11 - 19; Raios dorsais moles (total): 11-16; Espinhos anais 2; Raios anais moles: 5 - 6; Vértebras: 35 - 36. Distinguished uniquely from its congeners by its body depth 24-27% SL. Differs further from other members of the genus by the combination of having a flank yellowish with numerous, small, irregular, dark blotches and having 11-16 dorsal spines (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 16 to 17 rays (Ref. 40476). Dorsal fins are fused. Color brownish with dark spots (Ref. 35388).

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Inhabits eutrophic lakes, lowland and piedmont rivers. Most abundant in estuaries of large rivers, brackish lakes with salinities up to 10-12 ppt and reservoirs. In general, its abundance increases with increased eutrophication (Ref. 59043). Reported to prefer still or slow-flowing water with soft bottom and without vegetation (Ref. 59043) and deep water with deposits of sand and gravel (Ref. 9696). Can tolerate some degradation of the environment (Ref. 30578). Can co-exist in deep lakes with Perca fluviatilis. Both species partly occur at different depths with Gymnocephalus cernua being more abundant in deeper layers (Ref. 59043). The membranous external walls of the head canals of this species provide high directional sensitivity; can feed at night in the dark using the lateral line system; feeds on zooplankton, chironomids, oligochaetes and amphipods (Ref. 10999). Pelagic in coastal lakes and tidal estuaries, preying on zooplankton and fish. Spawns on a variety of substrates at depths of about 3 m or less (Ref. 59043). White to yellow eggs in sticky strands are found on rocks and weed in shallow water (Ref. 41678). Used as bait for pike (Ref. 6258). Females live up to 10 year while males up to 7 years (Ref. 59043).

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 115185)

Ameaça para o homem

  Potential pest



Utilização humana

Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim; isco: usually

Mais informação

Idade/Tamanho
Crescimento
Comprimento-peso
Comprimento-comprimento
Frequência de comprimento
Morfometria
Morfologia
Larvas
Dinâmica larvar
Recrutamento
Abundância
Referências
Aquacultura
Perfil para aquacultura
Estirpes
Genética
Frequência dos alelos
Hereditariedade
Doenças
Processamento
Mass conversion
Colaboradores
Fotografias
Stamps, Coins
Sons
Ciguatera
Velocidade
Tipo de natação
Área branquial
Outras referências
Cérebros
Visão

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

Descarregue XML

Fontes da internet

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD50 = 0.5312 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278)
3.3   ±0.57 se; Based on food items.

Resiliência (Ref. 69278)
Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.1-0.48; tm=1-2)

Vulnerabilidade (Ref. 59153)
Low vulnerability (20 of 100)
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766)
Unknown