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Sardinops sagax  (Jenyns, 1842)

South American pilchard
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Sardinops sagax   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Sardinops sagax (South American pilchard)
Sardinops sagax
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Namibia country information

Common names: Pelser, Pilchard, Sardyn
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: The Namibian stock moves seasonally to southern Angola (Ref. 27121). Specimens held at the MFMR (Ref. 27121). Used to be the backbone of the Namibian pelagic fishing industry, with catches over 1 million tons per year in the 1960's, but fluctuated around 50,000 tons in the 1980's (Ref. 27121, 36731). Caught with purse seines (Ref. 27121). Also Ref. 188, 3259, 5286, 9987, 12484, 36731, 54854.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/wa.html
National Fisheries Authority: https://www.benefit.org.na/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999
National Database:

Classificação / Names

Actinopterygii (peixes com raios nas barbatanas) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Alosinae
Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Сардина-сардинопс перуанская, Сардина-сардинопс австралийско-новозеландская, Сардина-сардинопс дальневосточная, ... more

Referência principal

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. (Ref. 188)
 Referências | Bibliografia | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Max length : 39.5 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9291); common length : 20.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 188); Peso máx. publicado: 486.00 g (Ref. 6885); Idade máx. registada: 25 anos (Ref. 188)

Length at first maturity
 Lm 9.0  range ? - ? cm

Ambiente

; marinhas; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 188)

Clima / Intervalo

Subtropical; 9°C - 21°C (Ref. 6390), preferred 23°C (Ref. 107945); 61°N - 47°S, 145°W - 180°E (Ref. 36641)

Distribuição

Indo-Pacific: southern Africa to the eastern Pacific (Ref. 27267). Three lineages were confirmed through cluster and parsimony analyses of haplotypic divergences: southern Africa (ocellatus) and Australia (neopilchardus); Chile (sagax) and California (caeruleus); and, Japan (melanostictus) (Ref. 36641).
 Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Introduções

Descrição breve

Espinhos dorsais (total): 0; Raios dorsais moles (total): 13-21; Espinhos anais 0; Raios anais moles: 12 - 23; Vértebras: 48 - 54. Body cylindrical and elongate; ventral part of operculum with clear cut bony striae radiating downwards; belly rounded with ventral scutes; back blue green; flanks white, with 1 to 3 series of dark spots along the middle (Ref. 55763). The radiating bony striae on the operculum distinguish this species from all other clupeids in the area. The radiating bony striae on the operculum distinguish this fish from all other clupeids in the area. In New Zealand the species appears to grow larger (21.3 cm standard length; cf. 19.7 cm), has slightly larger eggs and a higher mean number of vertebrae (50.52; cf. 49 to 50.08 in various samples) (Ref. 859).

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Neritic (Ref. 11230). A coastal species that forms large schools (Ref. 188). Occur at temperatures ranging from 16° to 23°C in summer and from 10° to 18°C in winter. Feed mainly on planktonic crustaceans. Young fish feed on zooplankton such as copepod and adults on phytoplankton (Ref. 39882). Oviparous, with pelagic eggs, and pelagic larvae (Ref. 265). Possibly can live up to 25 years (Ref. 265). In the California region, pilchards make northward migrations early in summer and travel back south again in autumn. With each year of life, the migration becomes farther (Ref. 6885). Marketed fresh, frozen or canned. Utilized mainly for fish meal; but also eaten fried and broiled (Ref. 9988). Main source of landing: NE Pacific: Mexico (Ref. 4931).

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 115185)

  Preocupação menor (LC) 

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless



Utilização humana

Pescarias: altamente comercial; isco: usually

Ferramentas

E-book | Guia de campo | Chaves de identificação | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa dos pontos | Classification Tree

Relatórios especiais

Consultar manutenção em aquários | Consultar ficha de espécies | Consultar fichas de aquacultura

Descarregue XML

Página de resumo | Dado pontual | Nomes comuns | Fotografias

Fontes da internet

BHL | BOLDSystems | Consultar outros websites | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(pescarias: produção, perfil da espécie; publication : search) | GenBank(genoma, nucleotídeo) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | Bases de dados nacionais | Aquários públicos | PubMed | Scirus | Sea Around Us | SeaLifeBase | Árvore da vida | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(ir para, procurar) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico | Fishtrace

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
 PD50 = 1.0000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278)
 2.8   ±0.1 se; Based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 69278)
 Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.45; tm=2; tmax=13-25; Fec=10,000)

Vulnerabilidade (Ref. 59153)
 Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100)
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766)
 Low