South Africa country information

Common names: Geelbek, Geelbek
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.), 1991
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs throughout the South African coast. Stock depressed; major seasonal component of commercial and recreational line catches in Natal and the southern coast (Ref. 4332). Angling record: 11.2 kg; spearfishing record: 11.4 kg (Ref. 12484). Also Ref. 9772, 75154.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C., 1986
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Geelbek croaker, Téraglin, Corvinata prieta, ... more

Main reference

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas. 1990. (Ref. 3593)
References | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 130 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4373); common length : 90.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9772); max. published weight: 25.0 kg (Ref. 4373)

Length at first maturity
L_m ?, range 65 - ? cm

Environment

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 15 - 200 m (Ref. 3593), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 3593)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 25°C (Ref. 107945); 14°N - 28°S

Distribution

Eastern Atlantic: Angola to South Africa; single record known from Mauritania (Ref. 3593). Western Indian Ocean: off Mozambique and South Africa. Pacific Ocean: Eastern coast of Australia.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 10 - 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 25-32; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 9 - 10. Body silvery (Ref. 4373).

Found in coastal waters, over sand muddy bottom. Juveniles enter estuaries. Adults feed on pelagic fishes at night. Often caught with Umbrina canariensis. Feeds on pelagic fish such as mackerel and horse mackerel (Ref. 36731). Marketed fresh, flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 9772).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (A2bd)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.7500 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
4.5 ±0.80 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.27; tm=5)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Medium

Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830)