United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: California sheephead
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: https://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Labridae (Wrasses)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

美丽羊头鱼, كيْدمة كاليفورنيا, Labre californien, ... more

Main reference

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann. 1983. (Ref. 2850)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : Westneat, Mark | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 91.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); max. published weight: 16.0 kg (Ref. 2850); max. reported age: 53 years (Ref. 56049)

Environment

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 55 m (Ref. 9311), usually 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9311)

Climate / Range

Subtropical, preferred 23°C (Ref. 107945); 37°N - 22°N, 123°W - 106°W

Distribution

Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California) and Gulf of California.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Prefer rocky bottom, particularly in kelp beds. Often feed on hard-shelled organisms such as sea urchins, mollusks, lobsters and crabs. Spawning occur during the summer and the eggs are pelagic (Ref. 9311). Live to more than 50 years of age. Each individual functions first as a female but changes to a male at a length of about 30 cm. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Flesh is white, of good quality and marketed fresh (Ref. 9311). The large teeth can cause serious bite wounds.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (A2bd), IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 13513)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.6250 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.6 ±0.43 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax=53; tm=5)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
High vulnerability (55 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Very high

Semicossyphus pulcher (Ayres, 1854)