Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 66.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4925); max. published weight: 2.5 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 64 years (Ref. 39247)
Length at first maturity
Lm 36.0, range 27 - 42 cm
Environment
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 549 m (Ref. 6793), usually 24 - 46 m (Ref. 2850)
Climate / Range
Temperate, preferred 9°C (Ref. 107945); 62°N - 32°N, 167°W - 117°W
Distribution
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 13;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 14-16;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 7 - 9. Head spines weak - nasals present, preocular and parietal spines usually absent, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, coronal and nuchal spines absent (Ref. 27437). May have a prominent symphyseal knob; posterior edge of anal fin vertical (Ref. 27436). Caudal fin nearly truncate but slightly forked (Ref. 6885). Olive green to greenish brown with some light mottling dorsally, light ventrally; fins yellowish green, ventral fins often tinged in orange (Ref. 27436).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
4.2 ±0.6 se; Based on diet studies.
Resilience
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.16; tm=6-7; tmax=64)
Vulnerability
High vulnerability (56 of 100)
Price category