| Main Ref. | Keith, P., E. Vigneux and P. Bosc, 1999 |
| Appearance refers to | Male; Female |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | protruding genital papilla (m) |
| Different appearance | always different morphology between mature adults |
| Different colors | males alike females |
| Remarks | Males have prolonged second, third, and fourth spines of the first dorsal fin. The membrane almost extends to the tip of these prolonged spines. Males have more slender and longer body than females (Ref. 110258). During breeding, the genital papilla is long, slender and bluntly pointed in males while females have short, thick, cylindrical or subglobose genital papilla (Ref. 110258). |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Diagnosis |
Usually 11 unsegmented rays in second dorsal fin. Pectoral rays usually 19. Predorsal midline usually with 13-16 cycloid scales, anterior scales smaller than those posteriorly. Scales on flanks same size as those on caudal peduncle. Belly always with fairly large cycloid scales, about the same size as those on the caudal peduncle. Caudal fin with blackish or dusky horseshoe-shaped band close to margin, medial rays blackish or dusky (Ref. 37578). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 51 - 54 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 6 - 7 |
| Soft-rays total | 9 - 10 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 10 - 10 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 17 - 20 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes part of sucker-disc |
| Position | |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 5 - 5 |