Family Toxotidae - Archerfishes
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 1 | Species : 7 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : Yes |
Brackish : Yes |
Marine : No |
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Division |
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Peripheral/diadromous |
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Aquarium |
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some |
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First Fossil Record |
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Tertiary
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Ref.. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark |
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Coastal brackish, and freshwater. Distribution: India to the Philippines, Australia and Polynesia. Compressed and deep-bodied; maximum body depth 1.8-2.5 in standard length. Big-eyed. With 4-6 strong spines in dorsal fin; soft rays 11-14. Three spines in anal fin; soft rays 15-18. Soft portion of dorsal fin much shorter than soft part of anal fin. Mouth large and terminal, with the lower jaw jutted, and very protractile. Scales on lateral line about 25-47. Branchiostegal rays 7. Vertebrae 24 (10+14). Shoots down insects by squirting water from the mouth. Assumed to be nonguarders (RF). Popular freshwater aquarium fish. Usually below 16 cm in length but may reach 40 cm maximum length, as reported for T. chatareus. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, toxotes = archer, bowman ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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nonguarders |
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Typical activity level |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Carangimorpharia | Incertae sedis in Carangimorpharia | Toxotidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Toxotes jaculatrix (Pallas, 1767) | accepted | senior | new | |
Sciaena jaculatrix Pallas, 1767 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Toxotes jaculator (Pallas, 1767) | synonym | senior | new | |
Toxotes chatareus (Hamilton, 1822) | accepted | senior | new | |
Coius chatareus Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Taxotes chatareus (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Toxotes chaetareus (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Toxotes chatarcus (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
Toxotes microlepis Günther, 1860 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Toxotes oligolepis Bleeker, 1876 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Toxotes blythii Boulenger, 1892 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Toxotes microlepis (non Günther, 1860) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Toxotes lorentzi Weber, 1910 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Toxotes kimberleyensis Allen, 2004 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Toxotes oligolepis (non Bleeker, 1876) | misapplied | misapplied | original |