Family Anguillidae - Freshwater eels
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 2 | Species : 20 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : Yes |
Brackish : Yes |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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none |
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First Fossil Record |
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upper
Tertiary
upper
Miocene |
Ref.. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark |
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Usually catadromous fishes in tropical and temperate waters, except eastern Pacific and south Atlantic. Eellike body with minute or embedded scales. Well developed pectorals but no pelvic fins; dorsal and caudal fin confluent with anal fin. All species are important food fishes and are sold fresh, smoked, or canned. Important aquaculture species based on captured juveniles (elvers); widely introduced. All spend their juvenile and adult life in freshwater, returning to the ocean to spawn and die. The leptocephalus larvae are marine with sharply pointed tail which distinguishes the family from the elopids. There is some doubt as to the validity of some of the fifteen species currently recognized. |
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Etymology |
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Latin, anguilla, ae = eel ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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nonguarders |
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Typical activity level |
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normal |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Elopocephalai | Elopocephala | Elopomorpha | Anguilliformes | Anguillidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Anguilla fluviatilis Heckel & Kner, 1858 | ambiguous | homonym | original | |
Muraena anguilla Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Angill angill (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Anguilla anguillai (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Anguilla anguillia (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Anguilla vulgaris Shaw, 1803 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla vulgaris fluviatilis Rafinesque, 1810 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Anguilla vulgaris lacustus Rafinesque, 1810 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Anguilla vulgaris marina Rafinesque, 1810 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Anguilla vulgaris Rafinesque, 1810 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla mediorostris Risso, 1827 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla acutirostris Risso, 1827 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla latirostris Risso, 1827 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla fluviatilis Anslijn, 1828 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena platyrhina Ekström, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Muraena oxyrhina Ekström, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Anguilla anguilla var. macrocephala De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | original | |
Anguilla vulgaris macrocephala De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in rank | |
! Anguilla anguilla var. mucrocephala De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in species | |
Anguilla var. ornithorincha De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla vulgaris ornithorhincha De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in rank | |
! Anguilla anguilla var. ornithorhyncha De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in species | |
Anguilla var. platyura De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla vulgaris platyura De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in rank | |
Anguilla var. oxycephala De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla anguilla oxycephala De la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | other | change in species | |
Anguilla canariensis Valenciennes, 1843 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla cloacina Bonaparte, 1846 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla septembrina Bonaparte, 1846 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla nilotica Heckel, 1846 | synonym | junior | original | 9 |
Anguilla migratoria Krøyer, 1846 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena anguilla marina Nardo, 1847 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla marina (Nardo, 1847) | ambiguous | other | new | |
Anguilla fluviatilis Gistel, 1848 | ambiguous | homonym | original | 2 |
Anguilla platyrhynchus Costa, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla callensis Guichenot, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Leptocephalus brevirostris Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla aegyptiaca Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla ancidda Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla altirostris Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla platycephala Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla capitone Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla morena Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla melanochir Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla kieneri Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla cuvieri Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bibroni Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla savignyi Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla marginata Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla microptera Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla nilotica Kaup, 1857 | synonym | junior | original | 9 |
Anguilla eurystoma Heckel & Kner, 1858 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla hibernica Couch, 1865 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla oblongirostris Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena anguilla maculata Chiereghini, 1872 | synonym | junior | original | |
Anguilla brevirostris Cisternas, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla linnei Malm, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur, 1817) | accepted | senior | new | |
Muraena rostrata Lesueur, 1817 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Muraena argentea Lesueur, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena macrocephala Lesueur, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena serpentina Lesueur, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena bostoniensis Lesueur, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bostoniensis (Lesueur, 1817) | synonym | junior | new | |
Anguilla blephura Rafinesque, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla chrisypa Rafinesque, 1817 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla laticanda Rafinesque, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla laticauda Rafinesque, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | |
Anguilla aterrima Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla lutea Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla xanthomelas Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla tenuirostris DeKay, 1842 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla cubana Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla macrops Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla novaeorleanensis Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla novaeterrae Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla punctatissima Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla texana Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla wabashensis Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla tyrannus Girard, 1858 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Leptocephalus grassii Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla hildebrandti Sauvage, 1891 | ambiguous | homonym | original | 2 |
! Anguilla marmolata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla mauritiana Bennett, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla labrosa Richardson, 1848 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena manillensis Bleeker, 1864 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla johannae Günther, 1867 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla fidjiensis Günther, 1870 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla hildebrandti Peters, 1881 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena mossambica (non Peters, 1852) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla bengalensis (Gray, 1831) | accepted | senior | new | |
Muraena bengalensis Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bengalensis bengalensis (Gray, 1831) | synonym | senior | new | |
Anguilla elphinstonei Sykes, 1839 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla arracana McClelland, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla variegata McClelland, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla brevirostris McClelland, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla anguilla (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Anguilla marmorata (non Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla mauritiana (non Bennett, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Angguilla australis Richardson, 1841 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla australis australis Richardson, 1841 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Muraena australis (Richardson, 1841) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Anguilla austrata Richardson, 1841 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla schmidtii Phillipps, 1925 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla australis schmidtii Phillipps, 1925 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
! Anguilla australis schmidti Phillipps, 1925 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Anguilla australis occidentalis Schmidt, 1928 | synonym | junior | original | 5 |
Anguilla dieffenbachii Gray, 1842 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Anguilla dieffenbachi Gray, 1842 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
! Anguilla bicolour bicolour McClelland, 1844 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Anguilla moa Bleeker, 1849 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena moa (Bleeker, 1849) | synonym | junior | new | |
Muraena macrocephala Rapp, 1849 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla mowa Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla sidat Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena virescens Peters, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla virescens (Peters, 1852) | synonym | junior | new | |
Anguilla cantori Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla dussumieri Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bleekeri Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla malabarica Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Muraena halmaherensis Bleeker, 1863 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla amblodon Günther, 1867 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla spengeli Weber, 1912 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla pacifica Schmidt, 1928 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla bicolor pacifica Schmidt, 1928 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Anguilla mauritiana (non Bennett, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla australis (non Richardson, 1841) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Muraena mossambica (non Peters, 1852) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla malgumora (non Kaup, 1856) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla nebulosa McClelland, 1844 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla nebulosa nebulosa McClelland, 1844 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Anguilla elphinstonei Sykes, 1839 | ambiguous | questionable | original | 2 |
Muraena maculata (non Lacepède, 1800) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla bengalensis (non Gray, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Muraena pekinensis Basilewsky, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla angustidens Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla remifera Jordan & Evermann, 1902 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla manabei Jordan, 1913 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla breviceps Chu & Jin, 1984 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla nigricans Chu & Wu, 1984 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla labiata (Peters, 1852) | accepted | senior | new | |
Muraena labiata Peters, 1852 | synonym | senior | original | 5 |
Anguilla bengalensis labiata (Peters, 1852) | synonym | senior | new | |
Anguilla nebulosa labiata (Peters, 1852) | synonym | senior | new | |
Muraena macrophthalmos Peters, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 5 |
Anguilla macrophthalma (Peters, 1852) | synonym | junior | new | |
! Muraena macrophthalma Peters, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | |
Anguilla mauritiana (non Bennett, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla bengalensis (non Gray, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Anguilla nebulosa (non McClelland, 1844) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Muraena mossambica (non Peters, 1852) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla mossambica (Peters, 1852) | accepted | senior | new | |
Muraena mossambica Peters, 1852 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Tribranchus anguillaris Peters, 1846 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Anguilla delalandi Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Anguilla delalandii Kaup, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | |
Anguilla capensis Kaup, 1859 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Anguilla celebensis Kaup, 1856 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Anguilla cellebesensis Kaup, 1856 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla amboinensis Peters, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 0 |
Anguilla ancestralis Ege, 1939 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Anguilla malgumora Kaup, 1856 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla celebesensis (non Kaup, 1856) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla borneensis (non Popta, 1924) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Anguilla megastoma Kaup, 1856 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla reinhardtii Steindachner, 1867 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Anguilla reinhardti Steindachner, 1867 | synonym | senior | original | |
Anguilla obscura Günther, 1872 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla borneensis Popta, 1924 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla interioris Whitley, 1938 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla luzonensis Watanabe, Aoyama & Tsukamoto, 2009 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Anguilla huangi Teng, Lin & Tzeng, 2009 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Neoanguilla nepalensis Shrestha, 2008 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |