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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Monochirus: Greek, monos = one + Greek, cheir = hand (Ref. 45335). More on author: Rafinesque.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 250 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical, preferred ?; 44°N - 4°N, 19°W - 36°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Portugal and the Mediterranean to Ghana.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 8.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4710); common length : 12.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0. Upper eye less than its own diameter from dorsal profile of head. Anterior nostril on blind side not enlarged. Dorsal fin beginning before eyes, with 50-58 fin rays. Pectoral fin on eyed side with 5-6 unbranched fin rays., absent on blind side. Anal fin rays 40-45. Caudal fin separate from last dorsal and anal fin rays. Eyed side greyish or reddish brown.

Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 2683), frequently near plant growth (Ref. 12382).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00650 - 0.02027), b=3.09 (2.93 - 3.25), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.38).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque, 1814