Philippines country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref: Dolar, M.L.L., 1994
Uses: no uses
Comments: By-catch fisheries exists (Ref. 85207). Found in Tubbataha Reefs in Palawan and recently documented in Bohol Sea (Ref. 111076).
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Marshall, A.D., L.J.V. Compagno and M.B. Bennett, 2009
National Database:

Classification / Names

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays) > Mobulinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Alfredi sarvikrai, Riifu Oniitomakiei, Reef manta ray, ... more

Main reference

Marshall, A.D., L.J.V. Compagno and M.B. Bennett. 2009. (Ref. 82755)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 500 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 82755); max. reported age: 31 years (Ref. 97313)

Length at first maturity
L_m ?, range 370 - 390 cm

Environment

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 1 - 120 m (Ref. 86942)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred ?; 32°N - 34°S, 30°E - 134°W

Distribution

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, South Africa, Thailand to Western Australia.; north to Japan (Yaeyama Is.), to Solitary Is., Australia as far east as French Polynesia and the Hawaiian Is. Reported in the Atlantic (Canary and Cape Verde islands) but this species may be restricted more or less to the Indian and Western Pacific only (McEachran, pers.comm. 03/10)..
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

This species is characterized by the following: disc approximately 2.2-2.4 times as broad as it is long, the maximum disc width size approximately 550 cm; slender whip-like tail approximately 123% of disc length if intact; no distinct caudal spine or cartilaginous mass at base of tail; some specimens have small hump at the base of the tail on the dorsal surface, while others have a slight depression and groove on the dorsum of the tail immediately posterior to the posterior margin of the dorsal fin; small, knob-like dermal denticles evenly distributed on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces, with ventral surface having slightly larger denticles; dental ligament with small cusped teeth on the lower jaw measuring roughly 22% of total disc length, approximately 6-8 rows, 142-182 files across entire width of the tooth band; total tooth counts of 900-1500 for entire tooth band; top jaw lacks rows of enlarged denticles (Ref. 82755).

Adults are commonly sighted inshore, within a few kilometers of land; found around coral and rocky reefs as well as along productive coastlines with consistent upwelling, tropical island groups, atolls and bays (Ref. 82755). Maximum movement recorded is >500,000 m (Ref. 97317). Known aggregations include sites in Hawai'i, Mozambique, Maldives, Ryukyu Island, Yap Island, Indonesia, eastern and western Australia (Ref. 82755).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (A2abd+3bd+4abd)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.7500 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.6 ±0.5 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Tm = 3-6; Fec =1)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Very high vulnerability (76 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)

Manta alfredi (Krefft, 1868)