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Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
محيط زيست / آب و هوا _ اقليم / Range
بوم شناسي
; دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 10 - 190 m (Ref. 55), usually 30 - 130 m (Ref. 55). Subtropical, preferred 22°C (Ref. 107945); 43°N - 4°S, 100°W - 40°W (Ref. 55228)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and eastern coast of the USA extending northward to Massachusetts, coasts of Florida (Ref. 26938), but rare north of the Carolinas. Throughout Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938). This species has been referred to as Lutjanus aya by previous authors, but Rivas (Ref. 6409) proved that Bodianus aya Bloch, 1790 is not a lutjanid, but probably a sciaenid.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 39.3, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 26938); common length : 60.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 55); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 22.8 kg (Ref. 40637); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 57 سال ها (Ref. 48779)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل): 10; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل): 14; خارهاي باله مخرجي 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 8 - 9. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Specimens under 30 to 35 cm with large dark spot on the upper sides, located below the anterior soft dorsal rays.
Adults are found over rocky bottoms. Juveniles inhabit shallow waters, common over sand or muddy bottoms. Feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, worms, cephalopods, and some planktonic items including urochordates and gastropods. Marketed fresh and eaten steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Heavily exploited in American waters where it is now closely protected; shrimp fishing, accused of destroying young snappers, is currently restricted.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
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منابع اينترنتي
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.01240 - 0.01609), b=2.98 (2.95 - 3.01), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.72 se; Based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
69278): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (K=0.12-0.2; tmax=16; Fec > 1 million).
Prior r = 0.42, 2 SD range = 0.18 - 0.99, log(r) = -0.87, SD log(r) = 0.42, Based on: 1 M, 15 K, 3 tmax, 3 Fec records
آسيب پذيری (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100) .
