Цельноголовые (химеры) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Chimaera: Latin, chimaera = marine monster, 1634 (Ref. 45335). More on author: Linnaeus.
окружающая среда / климат / Range
экология
; морской батидемерсальный; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 40 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 4443). Deep-water, preferred 9°C (Ref. 107945); 75°N - 27°N, 32°W - 35°E
Eastern Atlantic: northern Norway and Iceland, Skagerrak and Kattegat south to Morocco including western Mediterranean (some isolated records from eastern part), Azores and Madeira Islands. Records from South Africa are questionable. Reported from Oshima, Japan (FMNH 89161) (Ref. 27954).
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm 45.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 35388); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 2.5 kg (Ref. 4645)
Bathydemersal to benthopelagic generally between 300 and 500 m depth. Found in the upper continental slope. Usually found in deeper waters in southern latitudes, while making a summer inshore migration up to 40-100 m in the northern areas. Sluggish, usually occurring in small groups. Feeds mainly on bottom-living invertebrates. The single dorsal spine is sharp and pointed, and although only mildly venomous can inflict a painful wound. Oviparous. Males have a clasper on the forehead that is probably used to hold on to the female during copulation. Egg capsules are about 17 cm long; young look alike adults and hatch when 10 cm long. Common by-catch when trawling for shrimps in the North Sea or Skaggerak.
Oviparous; egg-capsules slender, club-shaped with narrow lateral membranes and a horny filament at the long pointed end, 17 cm long and 3 cm wide; deposited mainly in spring and summer. The embryos developing in about 9-12 months and hatch at 10 cm length.
Krefft, G., 1990. Chimaeridae. p. 111-113. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4443)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Угроза для людей
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)
Использование человеком
рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения
дополнительная информация
ссылкиаквакультура (рыбоводство)особенности рыбоводствастепень растяжениягенетикачастоты аллелейнаследуемостьболезниобработкаMass conversion
соавторыизображенияStamps, CoinsзвукиCiguateraскоростьтип плаванияжаберная областьOtolithsмозгзрение
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00219 (0.00125 - 0.00383), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; Based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
69278): низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции 4.5-14 лет (Assuming Fec <100;).
Prior r = 0.18, 2 SD range = 0.05 - 0.67, log(r) = -1.71, SD log(r) = 0.67, Based on: 1 K, 1 tgen, 1 tmax, records
Уязвимость (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100) .
