分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii
辐鳍鱼纲 (条鳍鱼) >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes) > Merlucciinae
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
环境 / 气候 / 范围
生态学
; 海洋; 半咸淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 9316), usually ? - 229 m (Ref. 2850). , preferred 14°C (Ref. 107945); 51°N - 15°N, 130°W - 77°W (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Pacific: northern Vancouver Island, Canada to northern part of the Gulf of California. A record from the Gulf of Alaska is doubtful.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 34 - 40 cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大体重: 1.2 kg (Ref. 4883); 最大年龄: 16 年 (Ref. 56527)
背棘 (总数): 1; 背的软条 (总数): 48-56; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 40 - 43. Head rather short. Pectoral fin tips usually reaching to or beyond the origin of anal fin. Caudal fin always concave. Color silvery on back grading to whitish ventrally.
Inhabit oceanic and coastal areas, but mainly on the continental shelf (Ref. 1371). Although often classified as demersal, the distribution and behavior suggest a largely pelagic existence (Ref. 1371). Adults live in large schools in waters overlying the continental shelf and slope except during the spawning season when they are found several hundred miles seaward (Ref. 1371). A nocturnal feeder (Ref. 6885) that feed on a variety of fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 1371). Important prey for sea lions and small cetaceans (Ref. 2850); also prey of dogfish (Ref. 11384).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00362 - 0.01003), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; Based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
69278): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=17; tm=4; also Musick et al. 2000 (Ref.
36717)).
脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100) .