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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Chirocentridae (Wolf herring)
Etymology: Chirocentrus: Greek, cheir = hand + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Lingkungan / Klimat / Range
Ekologi
; laut; payau berasosiasi dengan karang; amphidromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman ? - 120 m (Ref. 30573). Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 35°N - 20°S, 40°E - 156°E (Ref. 55462)
Indo-Pacific: probably throughout the warmer coastal waters, from the Red Sea and East Africa to the Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 188); 36.6 cm SL (female); common length : 60.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5450)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; Duri dubur 0. Scales numerous, small, usually lost. Silvery; back bright blue (fading to grey); flanks bright silver. The slightly shorter pectoral fin and the black marking of the upper part of the dorsal fin are the only satisfactory characters separating this species from C. nudus (Ref. 188). Fins spineless; with numerous dagger-like teeth (Ref. 37816).
Occurs inshore, including brackish waters (Ref. 12743). Voracious predators of small schooling fishes, e.g., herrings and anchovies (Ref. 37816). In Australia, it was reported in water temperatures of 26.0-29.0 °C (Ref. 4959). Feeds mainly on small fishes, but perhaps also crustaceans. Marketed fresh, frozen or dried and salted.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya; umpan: usually
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00357 - 0.01166), b=2.97 (2.80 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.75 se; Based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
69278): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Assuming tm=2).
keancaman (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100) .
