Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (Haie und Rochen) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335). More on author: Lacepède.

Lebensraum / Klimazone / Range Ökologie

; seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 50 - 200 m (Ref. 6808). Subtropical, preferred 21°C (Ref. 107945); 53°N - 15°N, 19°W - 36°E

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: southern Ireland and England to Senegal, including the western Mediterranean and the Canary Islands. Reported from the eastern Mediterranean (Ref. 3261).

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 80.0 range ? - 85.2 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 4426)

Found on sandy bottoms of shelf waters (Ref. 3167). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 7.2-9.0 cm long and 4.2-5.2 cm wide (Ref. 41303 , 41251, 41304).

Life cycle and mating behavior Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Egg-cases laid from March to September (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator : McEachran, John | Partner

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 115185)

stark gefährdet (EN) (A2bd+3d+4bd)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00347 (0.00209 - 0.00575), b=3.16 (3.03 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; Based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 69278): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Fec assumed to be <100).

Prior r = 0.12, 2 SD range = 0.03 - 0.60, log(r) = -2.12, SD log(r) = 0.79, Based on: 5 K, 6 tgen, 1 Fec records

Verwundbarkeit (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100) .

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Raja undulata Lacepède, 1802