Klassifizierung / Names
Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Lebensraum / Klimazone / Range
Ökologie
; seewasser; brackwasser riff-verbunden; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 92 m (Ref. 244). Subtropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 45°N - 39°S, 114°W - 0° (Ref. 55192)
Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean; also in Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938). Northeast Atlantic: Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire and probably wide-ranging off West Africa, but this requires confirmation. Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California to Ecuador.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?, range 239 - ? cm
Max length : 340 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 26938); common length : 240 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5217); max. veröff. Gewicht: 183.7 kg (Ref. 40637); max. veröff. Alter: 25 Jahre (Ref. 31395)
A brownish shark with yellow overtones but no conspicuous markings. Large second dorsal fin nearly same size as first dorsal (Ref. 26938).
Occurs on continental and insular shelves, frequenting mangrove fringes, coral keys, docks, sand or coral mud bottoms, saline creeks, enclosed bays or sounds, and river mouths. May enter fresh water. Occasionally moves into the open ocean, near or at the surface, apparently for purposes of migration. May rest motionless on the bottom (Ref. 9710). May occur singly or in small groups. Feeds mainly on fish but also takes crustaceans and mollusks. Viviparous, with 4 to 17 young in a litter. Size at birth 60 to 65 cm. Has been involved in several attacks on people. Meat is utilized for human consumption, hides for leather, fins for shark-fin soup base, liver oil for vitamins, and carcasses for fish meal. Marketed fresh, dried-salted and frozen (Ref. 9987).
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449), with 5 to 17 embryos (Ref. 9253). Both male and female during precopulatory and courtship swim with body axes in parallel (Ref. 49562, 51112). During copulation, the pair performs coordinated swimming (Ref. 49562, 51112).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00252 - 0.00951), b=3.12 (2.96 - 3.28), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; Based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
69278): sehr niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert mehr als 14 Jahre. (K=0.54(?); tm=12.7; tmax=25; Fec = 4-17; rmax = 0.012).
Verwundbarkeit (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100) .
