Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 230 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251); common length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3715); max. published weight: 40.0 kg (Ref. 7251)
Environment
Marine; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 1 - 477 m (Ref. 5951), usually 75 - 150 m (Ref. 5951)
Climate / Range
Subtropical, preferred 23°C (Ref. 107945); 50°N - 16°S, 97°W - 5°W
Distribution
Western Atlantic: Cape Cod in Massachusetts to northeastern Florida in USA and northern Gulf of Mexico. Reported in eastern Atlantic: St. Helena (Ref. 5288). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
More information
Age/SizeGrowthLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorphometricsMorphologyLarvaeLarval dynamicsRecruitmentAbundance
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
4.5 ±0.8 se; Based on diet studies.
Resilience
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming tm>4)
Vulnerability
Very high vulnerability (84 of 100)
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