United States (contiguous states) country information

Common names: Grunt, Hogfish, Pigfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Type locality, Charleston. A preferred fish important to commercial and recreational fisheries along the east coast of the country (Ref. 35505). Present inshore south of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 7251, 9761, 26340, 26938.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: https://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Darcy, G.H., 1983
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Goret mule, Corocoro burro, Grunt, ... more

Main reference

Darcy, G.H. 1983. (Ref. 25)
References | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 46.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 25); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3798); max. published weight: 900.00 g (Ref. 25); max. reported age: 4 years (Ref. 25)

Environment

Marine; brackish; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 10 - ? m (Ref. 25)

Climate / Range

Temperate, preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945); 41°N - 10°N, 99°W - 60°W

Distribution

Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to Mexico.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15-17; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 12 - 13. Back elevated; snout long and tapering. Mouth a little oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from first nostril. Scales in oblique rows above lateral line and horizontal rows below lateral line, extending on base of caudal, pelvic and pectoral fins; also forming a low sheath on base of anal and dorsal fins.

Inhabits coastal waters, over sand and mud bottoms. Forms schools. Mainly nocturnal and non-burrowing. Feeds on crustaceans and smaller fishes. Undergoes seasonal migration as well as local nocturnal-diurnal foraging migrations (Ref. 25).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: public aquariums; bait: usually

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5078 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.4 ±0.0 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tmax=4)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low

Orthopristis chrysoptera (Linnaeus, 1766)