Actinopterygii
辐鳍鱼纲 (条鳍鱼) >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Dorosomatinae
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
环境 / 气候 / 范围
生态学
; 海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 80 m (Ref. 27000). 24°C - ? (Ref. 54872), preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945); 46°N - 23°S, 17°W - 36°E (Ref. 54872)
Atlantic Ocean: eastern Atlantic Ocean from Gibraltar southward to Angola, with a single specimen reported from Walvis Bay, Namibia (Ref. 188, 81269). Also known from Mediterranean Sea in the southern and eastern parts, penetrating also the Suez Canal (Ref. 188).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 13.4, range 11 - 19.5 cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 25.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大体重: 927.00 g (Ref. 3808)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 18-21; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 17 - 23. Diagnosis: Body elongate, but variable in depth, belly fairly sharply keeled; total scutes 31-34 (Ref. 188, 81269). Lower gillrakers 70-166 (Ref. 188, 81269). Upper pectoral fin rays white on outer side, the membrane between black (Ref. 188). Sardinella maderensis resembles S. aurita, but pelvic fin with 1 unbranched and 7 branched rays and no black spot on hind part of gill cover, but a faint gold or black area just behind gill opening (Ref. 188). It is distinguished from S. rouxi by having more lower gillrakers, only 30-40 in S. rouxi, and the caudal fin grey, its tips almost black vs. yellow in S. rouxi (Ref. 188).
Forms schools in coastal waters, preferring waters of 24°C. Feeds on a variety of small planktonic invertebrates, fish larvae and phytoplankton. Breeds during the warm season (July-September). Juveniles and adults show clear north-south migrations in the Gabon-Congo-Angola sector of their range and also in the Sierra Leone-Mauritania sector, each area having nurseries. The movements are correlated with the seasonal upwelling. Marketed fresh, frozen or salted.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 诱饵: usually
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